Criticism and evaluation of the role of Orientalists in the revival of the Qur'an manuscript and copywriting studies

Abstract
 The manuscript of the Qur'an as part of the cultural and religious heritage of the Islamic world has a special place in Quranic studies. However, many of these versions have historically been exposed to the destruction due to wars, natural disasters and disregard. In the meantime, the Orientalists have played a significant role in the discovery, preservation and study of this manuscript. However, their activities have always been debated. On the one hand, their efforts to preserve and revitalize the manuscript of the Qur'an are commendable, and on the other hand, their approaches to the Qur'an as a historical and cultural text are sometimes conflicted with Islamic views. This article aims to critically analyze the role of the Orientalists in revitalizing the Qur'an manuscript and examining its effects on copywriting studies, using a descriptive-analytical method using library and documentary resources.
 The findings of the study show that the Orientalists have played an important role in preserving the Qur'anic heritage by discovering important versions such as the Sanaa version and carrying out large digitalization projects. They have helped develop new methods in the Qur'an using advanced scientific methods, such as carbon and multicolored imaging. Projects such as Corpus Kuranikom and the Berlin Quran Project are examples of these achievements that allow global access to the Qur'an's manuscript. However, the activities of the Orientalists have also been challenged. Some of them have studied the Qur'an with Western assumptions, which may conflict with Islamic views. For example, the historical and linguistic approaches of the Orientalists have sometimes led to claims about distorting or changing the Qur'an that have been criticized by Islamic scholars. Also, ethical issues in accessing the Qur'an's manuscript, such as collecting copies without the permission of the original owners, are other challenges of the Orientalist activities. This article, by critical analysis of these activities, examines the achievements and challenges of the Orientalists in the contemporary Qur'an and offers suggestions for future research. These include a comparative study of the methodology of Islamic scholars and scholars, analyzing the effects of the activities of the Orientalists on the contemporary Qur'an in the Islamic world, and the study of ethical issues in accessing the manuscript of the Qur'an. These research can help better understand the role of the Orientalists in the Qur'an and strengthen the intercultural dialogue.