Studies of the historical method of contemporary orientalists in the crucible of criticism and analysis

The methods and techniques that non-Muslim Quranic scholars use in their research are usually not sufficiently examined in scientific discussions. Here are some of the common methods used in this field: This method, in its deeper meaning, was developed mainly in the field of criticism of sacred texts and then transferred to the field of Islamic and Quranic studies. This type of research is organized in the collection and analysis of information by utilizing descriptive-analytical methods with a critical approach. One of the most important methods of Orientalist revelation studies can be mentioned as historical criticism, which has been expanded in the criticism of Testament texts and includes textual criticism, formal criticism, linguistic criticism, and literary criticism, etc. In the author's opinion, the historical and critical methods of Orientalist revelation studies are in conflict with Islamic religious thought, and each of these principles faces serious problems. The most comprehensive and valid theory that has been proposed so far about the source of the Quran is the Quran itself. This view is supported by several reasons, including narrative and logical evidence, and is considered the best explanation and interpretation for the reality of the Quran with all its features and specifications. The most important criticism of the source criticism method is that its conclusions are based on a two-century delay in the formation of the Quran and its authors, which is in conflict with definitive historical documentation and archaeological evidence, as well as advanced techniques such as carbon-14 testing.